Ah, the good old SSTO challenge... Hopefully Cosmo is not online right now
Here is my best:
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16.6 tons.
The mission:
First, right ascent:
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Then throttle reduction to pass Max Q and to help bending the trajectory:
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Then full spead ahead to gain horizontal speed, while still gaining altitude:
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Then throttle reduction again, to better control my trajectory, because most of the fuel is burnt, and my rocket has the TWR of a missile now:
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Then engine cut-off, now that the apoapsis is just above the atmosphere, and when I reach it, full power until satellization:
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2% of fuel remaining. Those are 225 kg of fuel I had in excess. Not too bad...